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Lesson Plan July 12, 2024
Topic: Third Conditional
We use the third conditional to talk about past possible or hypothetical (not real) situations using “If …”, and an appropriate conditional.
Section A
STRUCTURE:
“If I had (+ past participle) …,”
“I would have (+ past participle) …
Instead of would, we can use other modal verbs such as could or might.
We use the third conditional when we talk about an imaginary or hypothetical situation in the past.
Last night it was so nice, so I went out. If it had rained last night, I would have stayed at home.
If I had known that he was there, I wouldn't have come.
I would have said hello if I had seen you.
If he hadn’t been so tired, he could have finished watching the movie.
Section B - Things to remember
We do not use would in the “if-part” of a conditional sentence
If it had rained last night, I would have stayed at home. (NOT If it would have rained …)
The “if-part” of the sentence can go at the beginning (with a comma) or at the end (with no comma)
If it had rained, I would have stayed at home.
I would have stayed home if it had rained.
We can use ‘d instead of would or had
If it had rained, I’d have stayed at home.
I would have said hell, if I’d seen you.
We normally say '‘d had instead of had had
If I’d had time, I would have stopped by to see you.
The third conditional always refers to the past. The second conditional refers to the present or future.
If it had rained last night, I would have stayed at home. (It didn’t rain last night - past)
If it was raining now, I would stay at home. (It isn’t raining now - present)
Lesson Notes
Words & Phrases
Make a fuss; (phrase) become angry and complain
The train was delayed five minutes, no one made a fuss
Moving to a new house is a good time to declutter everything you own. (= remove unnecessary items)
After I moving I still need to do more decluttering.
I need to declutter my closet and drawers, I have so many clothes.”
"I have some sentimental clothes that I can't get rid of.” (= have special or personal meaning)
It’s priceless when an item is filled with sentimentality.
Ann was on her way to school this morning. She would have made it to class on time this morning if the bus hadn’t been late.
School; the place where you learn
Class; the specific lesson period
He wouldn’t have quit his job, if he hadn’t won the lottery.
"quit" is commonly used as both the present and past tense forms in North American English
In British English, "quitted" is considered a standard past tense form of "quit"
Grammar
Third Conditional grammar
(Correct grammar) If he had cooked his lunch properly, he wouldn’t have gotten food poisoning in the evening.
(Informal casual) If he would’ve cooked his lunch properly, he wouldn’t have gotten food poisoning in the evening.
His car wouldn’t have broken down if he had changed the oil.
His car wouldn’t have broken down if he would’ve changed the oil.
If he’d had an umbrella, he wouldn’t have been soaking wet.
If he would’ve had an umbrella, he wouldn’t have been soaking wet.
Appropriacy
There was an accident between Zama and Ebina. (An indirect way of saying “there was an accident involving a person or a problem with the train) (NOT personal accident)
The train is delayed. There was a person hit by a train.
Sorry, I'm late. There was a train accident involving a person.
I saw an accident where someone got hurt this morning. It was really scary.
There was a train accident. (= the train was in an accident, for example hit a car, derailed etc)
There was an incident on the train. (= something happened; often with an explanation in conversation, see Short Dialogues below)
There was an incident on the train, someone was sick.
There was an incident on the train, two people got in a fight.
There was an incident on the train, a child went missing.
Short Dialogues
A: I’m glad I made it here in time.
B: Was there a train accident today?
A: Yes, there was an incident on the train I took this morning.
B: What happened?
A: A young man felt sick and fell down.
B: That’s terrible.
A: The train made an emergency stop for medical help.
B: I bet the passengers made a fuss about the train being delayed.
Third Conditional
Understanding Conditional Sentence Meaning
1. If the weather had been good yesterday, our picnic would not have been cancelled.
a. Was the picnic cancelled? Yes
b. Was the weather good? No
2. If I had an envelope and a stamp, I would mail this letter right now.
a. Do I have an envelope and stamp right now? No
b. Do I want to mail this letter right now? Yes
c. Am I going to mail this letter right now? No
3. Ann would have made it to class on time this morning if the bus hadn’t been late.
a. Did Ann try to make it to class on time? Yes
b. Did Ann make it to class on time? No
c. Was the bus late? Yes
4. If the hotel had been built to withstand an earthquake, it would not have collapsed.
a. Was the hotel built to withstand an earthquake? No
b. Did the hotel collapse? Yes
5. If I were a carpenter, I would build my own house.
a. Do I want to build my own house? Yes
b. Am I going to build my own house? No
c. Am I a carpenter? No
6. If I didn’t have any friends, I would be lonely.
a. Am I lonely? No
b. Do I have friends? Yes
7. If Bob had asked me to keep the news a secret, I wouldn’t have told anybody.
a. Did I tell anybody the news? Yes
b. Did Bob ask me to keep it a secret? No
8. If Ann and Jan, who are twins, dressed alike and had the same hairstyle, I wouldn’t be able to tell them apart.
a. Do Ann and Jan dress alike? No
b. Do they have the same hairstyle? No
c. Can I tell them apart? Yes
