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Lesson Plan January 10, 2025

Topic: Nouns 4

These are general rules for when to use or not use ‘the’ with the names of people, places, buildings, organizations, and institutions.

Section A: People and Places

People

• without the

• Winston Churchill, Dr. Smith, Mrs. Jones

Countries, regions, cities

• normally without the, but we use the in the names with “Republic”, “Kingdom”, “States”

• Asia, Spain, Scotland, Texas, London, the United Kingdom, the Dominican Republic, the United States

Mountains and lakes

• without the

• Mount Everest, Lake Michigan

Seas, oceans, rivers, deserts

• with the

• the Atlantic Ocean, the Baltic Sea, the Thames, the Sahara Desert

North, south, east, west

• we say (the north of) + (place), but without the for (North) + (place) and (northern) + (place)

• the north of Italy, Milan is in northern Italy. Canada is in North America, but we also say Iran is in the Middle East, Japan is in the Far East

Plural names of people and places

• with the

• the United States, the Smiths (= the Smith family), the Caribbean Islands, the Alps

Streets, squares, parks etc

• without the

• Oxford street, Hyde park, Times Square

Names with (…) of (…)

• with the

• the University of London, the Statues of Liberty, the Bank of England

Section B: Buildings, organizations, instituions

Important buildings which being with the name of a person or place

• normally without the

• Buckingham Palace, London University

Important buildings which do not begin with the name of a person or place

• normally with the

• the White House, the Empire State Building

Theatres, cinemas, museums, galleries, hotels etc

• normally the the

• the Tate Gallery, the Odeon Cinema, the Hilton

Newspapers

• with the

• the Times, the Independent

Companies

• normally without the

• Microsoft, Uniqlo, Coca Cola

Organizations

• normally with the

• the BBC, the European Union

Words & Phrases

• The winds that cause wildfires around Los Angeles are called the Santa Ana winds.

• These are strong, dry winds that blow from the inland deserts towards the coast in winter.

• They can dry out vegetation and spread wildfires quickly.

Nouns 4

• Which river is longer - the Mississippi or the Nile?

• In casual conversation it’s common to drop “the” before a proper noun like a river if the context is clear: Which river is longer - the Mississippi or Nile?

• Hotel (name) and the (name) hotel

• When hotel is part of the name, like Hotel Molino, or Hotel Plaza, we generally do not use “the”

• Use “the” when the name goes before “hotel”, like the Sheraton Hotel, the Keio Plaza Hotel