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Lesson Plan July 14, 2023

Topic: Relative Clauses 02 (With & Without who / that / which)

In this lesson we will look at when relative clauses do not need to use who / that / which.

In English, a relative clause is part of a sentence, it can begin with which, who, that, where or whose.

Section A

Study these sentences; you must use who / that / which when it is the subject of the relative clause.

• The woman who lives next door is a doctor.

  • A woman lives next door. She is a doctor.
    (who (= the woman) is the subject)

• Where is the cheese that was in the fridge?

  • The cheese was in the fridge. Where is it?
    (that (= the cheese) is the subject)

Section B

Study these sentences; you do not need who/ that / which when it is the object.

• The bag (that / which) he is carrying is very heavy.

  • The man is carrying a bag. It is heavy.
    (a bag is the object)

• What is Kate going to do with the money (that / which) she won?

  • Kate won some money. What is she going to do with it?
    (some money is the object)

• Did you find the books (that / which) you wanted?

  • You wanted some books. Did you find them?
    (some books is the object)

• The people (who / that) we met were very friendly.

  • We met some people. They were friendly.
    (some people is the object)

Section C

Sometimes there is a preposition (to / in / at etc) after the verb, note the position of the preposition in a relative clause.

• Eve is talking to a man. Do you know him?

  • (Relative clause) Do you know the man Eve is talking to?

• We stayed at a hotel. It was near the station.

  • (Relative clause) The hotel we stayed at was near the station.

• I told you about some books. There are the books.

  • (Relative clause) These are the books I told you about.

Lesson Notes

• Typically we need to use a preposition in the following sentences, however if we use “where” in the relative clause we do not use the preposition

• Your friend John stayed at a hotel. You ask him:

• Did you like the hotel you stayed at?
  Did you like the hotel where you stayed?

• Akiko had dinner in a restaurant. You ask her:

• What’s the name of the restaurant you had dinner in?
  What’s the name of the restaurant where you had dinner?

• Sarah lives in a village. You ask her:

• How big is the village you live in?
  How big is the village you live?

• Sam works in a dental clinic. You ask him:

• Where exactly is the dental clinic you work in?
  Where exactly is the dental clinic where you work?

• Your friend went to a shopping centre.  You ask him:

• What’s the name of the shopping centre you went to?
  What’s the name of the shopping centre where you went?