Line英会話クラス

Lesson Plan April 4, 2025

Topic: Relative Clauses (Extra Information)

Section A: Defining - Necessary information

In these examples, the relative clauses tell you which person or thing the speaker means.

• The woman who lives next door is a doctor. (This tells us which woman)

• Grace works for a company that makes furniture. (This tells us what kind of company)

• We stayed at the hotel that you recommended. (This tells us which hotel)

• Do you know the woman who is standing over there?

• The online dictionary that I use is very useful.

• The hostel where we stayed was very expensive.

• The boy whose arm was brokering during the school trip is feeling much better now.

• The train which I take every day was cancelled.

Section B: Non-defining - Extra information

In these examples, the relative clauses in these sentences give us extra information about the person or thing.

• My brother Ben, who lives in Hong Kong, is an architect.

• Anna told me about her new job, which she’s enjoying a lot.

• We stayed at the Park Hotel, which a friend our ours recommended.

• I often use Line to keep in touch with my friends, who are always online.

• Abbey Road, which was recorded by The Beatles, is my favourite album.

• This summer I’m going to spend a few weeks in Rome, where I used to live.

• Patrick, whose phone was stolen yesterday, is in a much better mood.

Lesson Notes

Words & Phrases

• I ended up doing everyone’s laundry and hanging it all up.

• End up (phrasal verb); To eventually reach or arrive at a particular place, condition, or situation, often unexpectedly

• Hang up (phrasal verb); “Up” is often added when talking about hanging clothes, as it’s implied that they go on a clothesline or hanger

Relative Clauses (Extra Information)

“Anna told me about her new job, which she’s enjoying very much.”

• The word “which” gives extra information about the job. We add a comma before “which” because it’s not necessary to understand the sentence—it just tells us more about her job.

“The doctor that examined me couldn’t find anything wrong.”

• The phrase “that examined me” is a defining relative clause, meaning it tells us which doctor you are talking about. The word “that” is often used in defining relative clauses, and in this case, it is necessary to explain which doctor you’re referring to.

“Can you give me back the book _____ I lent you last year?”

• We use “which” for things and animals.

• “Can you give me back the book which I lent you last year?”

• In this sentence we could also use “that” because it’s a defining relative clause (without commas).

• “Can you give me back the book that I lent you last year?”

• In this sentence we could also omit “which” because it’s followed by subject + verb.

• “Can you give me back the book I lent you last year?”

“Is that the man _____ you work for?”

• We use “who” for people.

• “Is that the man who you work for?”

• In this sentence we could also use “that” because it’s a defining relative clause (without commas).

• “Is that the man that you work for?”

• In this sentence we could also omit “who” because it’s followed by subject + verb.

• “Is that the man you work for?”